Internal-combustion engine.



J. I. WOOD.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 23, 1910.

1,051 ,977. Patented Feb. 4, 1913.

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J. I. WOOD.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 23, 1910.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oFFioE.

JAMES I. WOOD, 01 DENVER, COLORADA, ASSIGNOR 'lO THE SIMPLE OIL ENGINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF COLORADO.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 23, 1910. Serial No. 593,926.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES I. WOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Denver, in the county'of,De-nver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements" in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which t-he'following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drgwings.

This inventioifi relates to improvements in internal combustion engines and has for its primary object to improve the construction and increase the efliciency of an engineof the type shown and described without materially increasing the cost of manufacture.

Another object of the invention resides in the provisionpf, means for quickly supplying nirfin volume for admixture with vaporized oil to produce the explosivecharge.

A-furt-her object of the inventio n is to provide a head for the piston cylinder provided with oppdsitely disposed semi-circa Figure 1 is aglside elevation of an internalcombustion engine embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same; Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an elevation of the removable element arranged in the cylinder head and provided with the explosion cham ers; Fig. 5 is a detail 'perspective viewliof the piston; and Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6"6 of Fig. 1.

Referring in detail to the accompanying drawings 5 designates the cylinder of my improved engine, upon one end of which an annular flange 6 is formed to which the end .of the crank-case 7is suitably secured. The rank case and the cylinder are supported upon an'cngine bed 8 upon which the (rank shaft 9 is also mounted. The piston rod 10 is connected with the crank shaft in the usual manner, and the outer end of said piston is arranged in and connected to a semitubular piston 11. The greater portion of the piston is of tubular form, the solid por- Patented Feb. 4-, 1913?" end thereof to the cylinder wall. The rea- V son for this peculiar construction of the piston will more fully hereinafter appear.

The cylinder 5 is provided .with a water jacket 13 which surrounds a compression chamber 14 of the cylinder into which the air ahd ases are admitted to be compressed and exp oded. The cylinder wal in its up-v per portion and adjacentto the inner end thereof is formed with apluralit y of longitudinal ports 15 which are arranged in parallelism and communicate throughout their entire'length with the interior of-theqdin: der. The cut away portion 12 of the pistoii is adapted to co-act with these longitudinal ports or passages to admit air in volumeinto the compression chamber in advance of the piston o'n theoutward stroke thereof. -Upon the outer end of the cylinder 5 a head 16 is removably' arranged. This ,head comprises a substantially hemi-sph rical' body portion 16 upon' which the, ange 16 is formed which abuts against the end of the cylinder. and through which the attaching bolts extend. A lleiii-spherica i member 17 is adapted to be arranged in vhelco'ncavoconvex body portion '16 of the tyliudcr head andis provided in its periphery with the semi-circular explosion ehainbe rs 18. These chambers extend at right angles and intersect each other. The me1nber 17 .is secured in the head by means of the screws 19 and may be thus conveniently removed: for cleaning the explosion chambers.

Oil is supplied to the inlet 20. which is provided in the cylinder head 16, by a force pump 21 mounted upon one side of the cylinder 5 and having a discharge pipe-22 connecting the same with the oil inlet. A

supply pipe 23 connects the pump with an oil tank or other source of supply .v p

As thus far described, the operation of the engine is substantially as follows: Upon the reciprocation of the piston air, entering through an admission valve of the usual type, not shown, is slightly compressed in the crank case 7 and upon the out strokeg of the 6O 1 extend through the slot or opening127 in the piston 11 this air flows into the tubular portion of said piston and through the cut away portion 12 thereof and the longitudinal ports 15 in the cylinder wall, into the compression chamber 14. When the engine is first started, the cylinder head 16 is heated in any preferred manner and the oil which is admitted to the explosion chambers. 18 of the member 17 is thus vaporized in said chambers. This vaporized oil is mixed with the air which is admitted to the compression chamber in the manner above described, thereby producing an admixture of the air and gas to efi'ect the ignition of the charge upon the completion of the full .compression stroke of the piston. The

charge is, ignited by the heat which is retained in the explosion chambers. It will be understood that the exterior heating of the cylinder head .16-is unnecessary after the first chargehas been exploded, as the head is reheated: with each explosion, the flame extending into the explosion chambers 18 to thoroughly heat the'element 17. Thus, in the further'operation of the engine, the oil which is admitted to the explosion chambers will be quickly vaporized, such vapor enter- H ing the compression chamber for admixture with: the air therein. The piston cylinder 5 is provided with a suitable exhaust port 24 from which the burnt gases are exhausted upon each return stroke of the piston.

From the above it will be observed that air is very quickly admitted into the compression chamber and-in sufiicient volume to provide a thorough admixture of the ,same with the entire volume of vapor which is in the compression chamber.

7 Thus, liability of failure to explode the charge is, to a great extent, eliminated;

The water jacketed portion of the piston cylinder is, of course, provided with suitable inlet and outlet openings whereby the jacket may be filled ,or emptied.

b In order to regulate and control the supply of oil to the explosion chambers 18v in the cylinder head, in accordance with the varying speed of the engine, I provide the mechanism illustratediirFigs. 1 and 6 of the drawings. In the attainment of this end, a movable eccentric disk 25 is arranged upon the hub 26 of one of the engine fly wheels. 26 which are fixed to the crank shaft 9, 'lhe'eccenlric disk 25 is provided with a slot. 27 and is slidable upon the reduccd portion 26 of the fly wheel huh. A retaining plate 28 is arranged upon the face of the disk 25 and extends across-the slot 2?; Suitable screws or bolts 29 rigidly secure this plate to the hubof the fly wheel and eccentric disk. The plate 28 serves as a guide for the d sk in its sliding movement.

.The dis: 28 is normally held yieldingly in eccentric relation to the crank shaft by means of a coil spring 29 which is arrangedadj acent to its this pivoted arm and normally acts tothrow the disk inwardly toward the crank shaft through centrifugal force in the rotation of the fly wheel. A pump rod 34 is mounted n a bearing upon the bed of the engine and 1s provided upon its end with a shoe 35 which engages upon the periphery of the ,eccentric disk 25 and is yieldingly held. in

contact therewith'by means of a coil spring 36 which 18 arranged between the rod bearing and a collar on s'aid 'rod. In this man- .ner, the feed of the oil from the force pump to the explosion ..ch:=.mbers is automatically varied. When the en 'ne is traveling at a high speed the centri gal force throws the weight 33 outwardly, thereby moving theeccentric disk inwardly toward the crank shaft and thus decreasing the stroke of the pump rod, thereby lessening-the quantity of oil which is supplied to the explosion chambers. Any decrease in speed of the engine willproportionately decrease the extent of movement of the Weighted end of thefarm' 31 and thus permit the spring 29 to force the eccentric disk 25 farther from the crank shaft center, thus increasing the stroke of the force pump rod 34.

From the foregoing it is thought that the construction and operation of my improved engine will be readily understood.

While I have specifically shown and de-' scribed the preferred construction and arrangement of the various elements it will be understood that the invention is susceptible of considerable modification without departing from the essential feature or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.

Having thus described the invention What is claimed is: V

1. In an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder, a removable concavo-convex head arranged on one end of the cylinder, a hem'i-spherical element arranged in said head, means for rigidly securing said element in the head, said element having grooves providing withsaid cylinder-head a plurality of chambers extending at night angles to each other and opening into the cylinder, means for supplying oil to said chambers, anda piston to reciprocate in said cylinder.

of a cylinder, a concavo-convex head removably secured to one end of the cylinder, a removable peripl'ierally-grooved element ar- 2. In an explosion engine, the combination ranged in said head, the grooves of said element opening into the cylinder, said head being provided with an oil supply port opening into the grooves of said element, and. means for supplying oil through said port into said grooves.

3. In an explosion engine, a cylinder and piston, a cylinder-head having a concave in ternal recess, a lolock having a convex face removably secured. in said recess, and trans-- verse curved vaporizing and igniting pas-- sages, the walls of which are constituted by opposed surfaces of said head and block, said passages opening at their ends directly into said cylinder, and means for supplying liquid fuel to said transverse passages.

4. In an explosion engine, a cylinder and piston, a cylinder-head having an internal recess, a solid hemispherical block remov ably secured in said recess and provided with transverse peripheral va orizing and igniting passages, and means or supplying liquid fuel to said passages.

5. In an explosionengine, a cylinder and piston, a cylinder-head having an internal recess, a block of width equal to the internal diameter of the cylinder removably secured in said recess, and provided with separate, intersecting vaporizing and igniting passages extending from one side of the cylinder to the other, and means for supplying liquid fuel to said passages.

6. In an explosion engine, a cylinder and piston, a cylinder head having therein a hemispherical block provided on its periphery with a plurality of narrow transverse crossed vaporizing and igniting passages opening at their ends directly into said cylinder, and means for supplying liquid fuel to said passages.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of Witnesses.

JAMES I. WOOD.

Vitnesses:

NELLIE WALSH, \VALTER C. HECKENDORF, JOSEPH C. MAGUIRE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patentfl, Washington, D. C. 

